Several issues arise in the matter of artificial insemination: 1.Is it permissible to take an anonymous egg,…

Several issues arise in the matter of artificial insemination: 1.Is it permissible to take an anonymous egg, whose origin is unknown, and an anonymous sperm, also of unknown origin, fertilize them in a laboratory, and then implant them in a rented womb? 2.Also, if it becomes possible to provide a suitable laboratory environment for the growth of this fertilized egg in the lab itself, would such a scenario be permissible? 3.Can any unmarried individual—without the condition of being married—take an egg from a non-mahram woman (not a close relative), fertilize it in a lab, and then implant it into a woman’s womb in exchange for money, for example, or if she desires it, even though she is not his wife and not a mahram? The result in all three scenarios is the birth of children or humans in general without a legal (Islamic) marriage contract—without marriage and without a miracle like that of the birth of Prophet Jesus (peace be upon him and upon our Prophet and his family). If this is permissible, then it is also not considered fornication (zina). So, what is it called, and is it valid to cause the birth of a human being through such means without a lawful marriage?