Najafi Q&A: Proxy and Rented Hajj

If a person knows, while in the state of iḥrām, that he will necessarily be compelled to seek shade (during travel) or something similar, is it permissible for him to serve as a proxy (nā’ib) for someone else?

If a person is unable to personally perform the stoning of the three jamarāt (stoning pillars) on the 11th and 12th days of Dhū al-Ḥijjah, is it permissible for him to serve as a proxy (nā’ib) performing Hajj on behalf of someone else?

I have an Iraqi friend who currently lives in Australia. I want to hire him to Hajj on behalf of my diseased father. But my friend receives a salary from the Iraqi state and at the same time receives financial aid in the form of a salary he along with his family members to obtain Australian citizenship. The Australian government has not been informed by him that he receives a salary from Iraq for in case they cut his salary from their side. Is it permissible for me to hire him for Hajj on behalf of my diseased father in this case?

One of the campaigns undertakes an investment work in the funds of proxy Hajj, so that the earnings will go to charitable projects that support religion. The funds are collected with certain amounts during which they agree with their payers who want a proxy Hajj to provide them with proxy pilgrims, and they actually agree with people with a lesser amount and the profits taken from that are spent in charitable works. Is that permissible?

A person obtained a proxy Hajj from one, but without the condition of allocating the proxy pilgrim. The proxy pilgrim obtains a higher price, is it permissible for him to agree with another person to perform first proxy Hajj and he takes the second proxy hajj? Or is he required to inform the one for whom proxy Hajj is going to be performed, notifying that this person will not object that because the important thing is that he has some to perform Hajj on his behalf?

Hajj campaigns announce that they perform the proxy Hajj to be performed by its staff, so people pay a sum of money for a proxy Hajj for them and their relatives. They launch the campaign for what it deems appropriate by identifying the person and how to agree with him. Is it permissible for the campaign to agree with the staff on proxy Hajj, and give it half of the amount? Is it permissible to do the campaign of let the staff members perform Hajj with their clients and take the amount as a price for that service?

A man who agrees with another to take from the latter a certain amount of money so that the former manages a Hajj on behalf of his father. The Hajj is performed by another believer for some amount. The amount agreed upon is not a price for the proxy Hajj, but rather is a total price so that the latter’s father obtain proxy Hajj performed by any person appointed and with any amount he gives. The former agrees with some of the believers on the proxy Hajj in exchange for part of the money. Is that valid?

If a person had died and left money, and he would have obligatory Hajj due on him: 1. Are the heirs obliged to hire the one who performs Hajj for him from the money that he left? 2. If one of the heirs refuses to take out the money that is sufficient for on proxy Hajj, what is the duty of the rest of the heirs?